Academic and political debates about the extent to which planning influences the volume, type, location and affordability of new housing have not gained as much prominence in Portugal as in England, where planning obligations are aimed at providing new affordable housing, as well as a mix of housing tenures.  The data from the PLANAFFHO research project shows that divergence in the adoption of planning obligations for affordable housing is the result of different but interdependent causes: path dependency, ideology and planning culture.

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Alves, S. (2020) Divergence in planning for affordable housing: a comparative analysis of England and Portugal. Progress in Planning. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2020.100536